Building pRosperity

Government and politics

 

Indonesia is a republic with a presidential system. As a unitary state, power is concentrated in the central government. Following the resignation of President Suharto in 1998, Indonesian political and governmental structures have undergone major reforms. Four Amendments to the 1945 Constitution of Indonesia [45] have revamped the executive, judicial, and legislative branches. [46] The president of Indonesia is the head of state, commander-in-chief of the Indonesian National Armed Forces, and the director of domestic governance, policy-making, and foreign affairs. The president appoints a council of Ministers, the WHO are not required to be elected members of the legislature. The 2004 presidential election was the first in the which the people directly elected the president and vice president. [47] The president may serve a maximum of two consecutive five-year terms. [48]
The highest representative body at national level is the People's Consultative Assembly (MPR). Its main functions are supporting and amending the constitution, inaugurating the president, and formalizing broad Outlines of state policy. It has the power to impeach the president. [49] The MPR comprises two houses; the People's Representative Council (DPR), with 560 members, and the Regional Representative Council (DPD), with 132 members. [50] The House of Representatives passes legislation and monitors the executive branch; party-aligned members are elected for five-year terms by proportional representation. [46] Reforms since 1998 have markedly Increased the Parliament's role in national governance. [51] The DPD is a new chamber for matters of regional management. [52]
Most civil Disputes Appear before a State Court (District Court); Heard appeals are before the High Court (High Court). The Supreme Court (Supreme Court) is the country's highest court, and the final Cessation Hears appeals and conducts case reviews. Other courts include the Commercial Court, the which handles bankruptcy and insolvency; a State Administrative Court (Constitutional Court) to Hear administrative law cases against the government; a Constitutional Court (Constitutional Court) to Hear Disputes Concerning Legality of law, general elections, dissolution of political parties, and the scope of authority of state institutions; and a Religious Court (religious court) to deal with cases codified Sharia Law

Foreign relations and military

 

Indonesia is a republic with a presidential system. As a unitary state, power is concentrated in the central government. Following the resignation of President Suharto in 1998, Indonesian political and governmental structures have undergone major reforms. Four Amendments to the 1945 Constitution of Indonesia [45] have revamped the executive, judicial, and legislative branches. [46] The president of Indonesia is the head of state, commander-in-chief of the Indonesian National Armed Forces, and the director of domestic governance, policy-making, and foreign affairs. The president appoints a council of Ministers, the WHO are not required to be elected members of the legislature. The 2004 presidential election was the first in the which the people directly elected the president and vice president. [47] The president may serve a maximum of two consecutive five-year terms. [48]
The highest representative body at national level is the People's Consultative Assembly (MPR). Its main functions are supporting and amending the constitution, inaugurating the president, and formalizing broad Outlines of state policy. It has the power to impeach the president. [49] The MPR comprises two houses; the People's Representative Council (DPR), with 560 members, and the Regional Representative Council (DPD), with 132 members. [50] The House of Representatives passes legislation and monitors the executive branch; party-aligned members are elected for five-year terms by proportional representation. [46] Reforms since 1998 have markedly Increased the Parliament's role in national governance. [51] The DPD is a new chamber for matters of regional management. [52]
Most civil Disputes Appear before a State Court (District Court); Heard appeals are before the High Court (High Court). The Supreme Court (Supreme Court) is the country's highest court, and the final Cessation Hears appeals and conducts case reviews. Other courts include the Commercial Court, the which handles bankruptcy and insolvency; a State Administrative Court (Constitutional Court) to Hear administrative law cases against the government; a Constitutional Court (Constitutional Court) to Hear Disputes Concerning Legality of law, general elections, dissolution of political parties, and the scope of authority of state institutions; and a Religious Court (religious court) to deal with cases codified Sharia Law

Administrative divisions

Administratively, Indonesia consists of 33 Provinces, five of the which have special status. Each province has its own political legislature and governor. The Provinces are subdivided into regencies (districts) and cities (cities), the which are Further subdivided into districts (districts), and again into village groupings (either rural or urban villages). Furthermore, a village is Divided into Several citizen-groups (Pillars-Citizens (RW)) the which are Further Divided into Several neighborhood-groups (Pillars-Neighbor (RT)). Following the implementation of regional autonomy measures in 2001, the regencies and cities have Become the key administrative units, Providing Responsible for most government services. The village administration level is the most Influential on a citizen's daily life, and handles matters of a village or neighborhood through an elected village chief or headman (village chief).

The Provinces of Aceh, Jakarta, Yogyakarta, Papua, and West Papua have Greater legislative privileges and a higher degree of autonomy from the central government than the other Provinces. The Acehnese government, for example, has the right to create Certain elements of an independent legal system; in 2003, it instituted a form of Sharia (Islamic law). [66] Yogyakarta was granted the status of Special Region in recognition of its pivotal role in supporting Indonesian Republicans During the Indonesian Revolution. [67] Papua, formerly known as Irian Jaya, was granted special autonomy status in 2001 and was separated into Papua and West Papua in February 2003. [68] Jakarta is the country's special capital region .