Indonesian economy

Indonesia has a mixed economy in the which Both the private sector and government play significant roles. [94] The country is the largest economy in Southeast Asia and a member of the G-20 major economies. [95] Indonesia's estimated gross domestic product (nominal ), as of 2010 was U.S. $ 706.73 billion with estimated nominal per capita GDP was U.S. $ 3.015, and per capita GDP PPP was U.S. $ 4.394 (international dollars). [96] June 2011: At the World Economic Forum on East Asia, the Indonesian president said Indonesia Will be in the top ten countries with the strongest economy within the next decade. The gross domestic product (GDP) is almost Rp1 trillion ($ 117.6 million) and the debt ratio to the GDP is 26 percent. [97] The industrial sector is the economy's largest and accounts for 46.4% of GDP (2010), this is Followed by services (37.1%) and agriculture (16.5%). However, since 2010, the service sector has employed more people than other sectors, accounting 48.9% of the total labor force, this has been Followed by agriculture (38.3%) and industry (12.8%). [98] Agriculture, however, Had been The country's largest employer for Centuries. [99] [100]

According to the World Trade Organization data, Indonesia was the 27th Biggest exporting country in the world in 2010, moving up three places from a year before. [101] Indonesia's main export markets (2009) are Japan (17:28%), Singapore (11:29% ), the United States (10.81%), and China (7.62%). The major suppliers of imports to Indonesia are Singapore (24.96%), China (12:52%), and Japan (8.92%). In 2005, Indonesia ran a trade surplus with export revenues of U.S. $ 83.64 billion and import expenditure of U.S. $ 62.02 billion. The country has extensive natural resources, including crude oil, natural gas, tin, copper, and gold. Indonesia's major imports include machinery and equipment, chemicals, fuels, and foodstuffs. And the country's major export commodities include oil and gas, electrical appliances, plywood, rubber, and Textiles

 In the 1960s, the economy deteriorated drastically as a result of political instability, a young and inexperienced government, and economic nationalism, the which resulted in severe poverty and hunger. By the time of Sukarno's Downfall in the mid-1960s, the economy was in chaos with 1.000% annual inflation, shrinking export revenues, crumbling infrastructure, factories operating at minimal capacity, and negligible investment. Following President Sukarno's Downfall in the mid-1960s, the New Order administration Brought a degree of discipline to economic policy Quickly That Brought inflation down, stabilized the currency, rescheduled foreign debt, and attracted foreign aid and investment. (See Berkeley Mafia). Indonesia was until recently Southeast Asia's only member of OPEC, and the 1970s oil price Raises provided an export revenue windfall That Contributed to sustaining high economic growth rates, averaging over 7% from 1968 to 1981. [103] Following Further reforms in the late 1980s , [104] foreign investment flowed into Indonesia, particularly into the rapidly developing export-oriented manufacturing sector, and from 1989 to 1997, the Indonesian economy grew by an average of over 7%. [105] [106]
Indonesia was the country hardest hit by the Asian financial crisis of 1997-98. Against the U.S. dollar, the rupiah dropped from about Rp. 2.600 to a low point of 14.000, and the economy shrank by 13.7%. [107] The rupiah stabilised in the Rp. 8.000 to 10.000 range, [108] and a slow but significant economic recovery has ensued. However, political instability, slow economic reform, and corruption slowed the recovery. [7] [8] Transparency International, for example, Indonesia has since ranked below 100 in its Corruption Perceptions Index. [109] [110] Nevertheless, GDP growth averaged 5% of the between 2004 and 2006. [111] The Growth, unfortunately, was not widely Able to Make a real impact toward unemployment and poverty, particularly due to the stagnant wages and rapid hikes in food, oil and gas prices. [112] [ 113] Since 2007, however, with the improvement in banking sector and domestic consumption, the national economic growth has been 6% Annually [114] [115] [116] and this helped the country weather the global recession from 2008 to 2009. [117 ] As of 2010, an estimated 13.3% of the population was living below poverty line, and the unemployment rate was 7.1%